California Code § 2316

California Code § 2316. Reproduced from the official Public Contract Code - PCC, with a citation summary, verification link, and related provisions.

§ 2316.

(1) Words or conduct relevant to the creation of an express warranty and words or conduct tending to negate or limit warranty shall be construed wherever reasonable as consistent with each other; but subject to the provisions of this division on parol or extrinsic evidence (Section 2202) negation or limitation is inoperative to the extent that such construction is unreasonable. (2) Subject to subdivision (3), to exclude or modify the implied warranty of merchantability or any part of it the language must mention merchantability and in case of a writing must be conspicuous, and to exclude or modify any implied warranty of fitness the exclusion must be by a writing and conspicuous. Language to exclude all implied warranties of fitness is sufficient if it states, for example, that “There are no warranties which extend beyond the description on the face hereof.” (3) Notwithstanding subdivision (2) (a) Unless the circumstances indicate otherwise, all implied warranties are excluded by expressions like “as is,” “with all faults” or other language which in common understanding calls the buyer’s attention to the exclusion of warranties and makes plain that there is no implied warranty; and (b) When the buyer before entering into the contract has examined the goods or the sample or model as fully as he desired or has refused to examine the goods there is no implied warranty with regard to defects which an examination ought in the circumstances to have revealed to him; and (c) An implied warranty can also be excluded or modified by course of dealing or course of performance or usage of trade. (4) Remedies for breach of warranty can be limited in accordance with the provisions of this division on liquidation or limitation of damages and on contractual modification of remedy (Sections 2718 and 2719).

Source: official California text · Last verified 2026-08-27

At a glance

  • Citation: Public Contract Code - PCC § 2316
  • Jurisdiction: California
  • Code: Public Contract Code - PCC
  • Text: transcribed from the official source (verify below)

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Statute text is transcribed from the official Public Contract Code - PCC. Confirm it against the primary source before relying on it:

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Common questions

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The text above is transcribed from the Public Contract Code - PCC, the codified statutes of California. The official publisher link appears under "Verify the text" on this page.

What subject does Public Contract Code - PCC § 2316 address?

It addresses the rule set out in the section text. Read the section together with the surrounding provisions listed under "Nearby provisions" for the full picture.

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Statutes are amended, repealed, and renumbered every session. Confirm the current version at the official California source before relying on this text.

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