Ohio Code § 1301.303

Ohio Code § 1301.303. Reproduced from the official Ohio Revised Code, with a citation summary, verification link, and related provisions.

§ 1301.303.

(A) A “ course of performance ” is a sequence of conduct between the parties to a particular transaction that exists

if: (1) The agreement of the parties with respect to the transaction involves repeated occasions

for performance by a party;  and (2) The other party, with knowledge of the nature of the performance and opportunity

for objection to it, accepts the performance or acquiesces in it without objection. (B) A “ course of dealing ” is a sequence of conduct concerning previous transactions between the parties to

a particular transaction that is fairly to be regarded as establishing a common basis

of understanding for interpreting their expressions and other conduct. (C) A “ usage of trade ” is any practice or method of dealing having such regularity of observance in a place,

vocation, or trade as to justify an expectation that it will be observed with respect

to the transaction in question.  The existence and scope of such a usage must be proved as facts.  If it is established that such a usage is embodied in a trade code or similar record,

the interpretation of the record is a question of law. (D) A course of performance or course of dealing between the parties or usage of trade

in the vocation or trade in which they are engaged or of which they are or should

be aware is relevant in ascertaining the meaning of the parties' agreement, may give

particular meaning to specific terms of the agreement, and may supplement or qualify

the terms of the agreement.  A usage of trade applicable in the place in which part of the performance under

the agreement is to occur may be so utilized as to that part of the performance. (E) Except as otherwise provided in division (F) of this section, the express terms of

an agreement and any applicable course of performance, course of dealing, or usage

of trade must be construed whenever reasonable as consistent with each other.  If such a construction is unreasonable: (1) Express terms prevail over course of performance, course of dealing, and usage of

trade; (2) Course of performance prevails over course of dealing and usage of trade; and (3) Course of dealing prevails over usage of trade. (F) Subject to section 1302.12 of the Revised Code , a course of performance is relevant to show a waiver or modification of any term

inconsistent with the course of performance. (G) Evidence of a relevant usage of trade offered by one party is not admissible unless

that party has given the other party notice that the court finds sufficient to prevent

unfair surprise to the other party.

Source: official Ohio text · Last verified 2026-08-27

At a glance

  • Citation: Ohio Revised Code § 1301.303
  • Jurisdiction: Ohio
  • Code: Ohio Revised Code
  • Text: transcribed from the official source (verify below)

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Common questions

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